Shot-cartridge



No Model.) 7?

M. HARTLEY-8v A. J. HOBBS.

SHOT OARTRIDGE. No. 395,897. I Patented Jams, 1889.

W/i 55555 v5 70/ 5 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MARCELLL S HARTLEY, OF NE YORK, N. Y,, AND ALFRED .I. ll

BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO THE UNION METALLIC CAR- TRIDGECOMPANY, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

SHOT-CARTRIDGE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 395,897, dated January8, 1889.

Application filed September 6, 1888. Serial No. 284,689. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, MAReELLUs llAR'l LEY, residing at New York, in thecounty of New York and State of New York, and ALFRED J. HOBBS, residingat Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State of Oom'iecticut,citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Shot-Cartridges; and we do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same.

()ur invention has for its object to produce at a low costashot-cartridge the shotcase of which shall be rigid and unyielding,enabling it to stand rough usage, shall be impervious to changes intemperature and perfectly water-proof, which will not foul thegun-barrel, and which will be so thoroughly fractured by the force ofthe explosion that the charge of shot will not be deflected in theslightest by the fragments. These results are accomplished perfectly bythe use of the novel shotcase which we will now describe, referring bynumbers to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, in which Figure 1 is a'perspcetive of the shot-casedetached; and Fig. 2, a view, partly in elevation and partly in section,of a shot-cartridge ready for use.

l denotes an ordinary metallic cartridgeshell; 2, the powder; 3, theshot-case; l, the shot; 5, a wad which may or may not be used at thebase of the shot-case; 6, the inwardlyturned edges of the metallicshell, which are forced into the material of the shot-case, so as tohold the latter firmly; 7, longitudinal grooves or cuts in theshot-case, which may be used to assist in etfecting the completefracture of the shot-case when the explosion takes place, and 8 athickened strengthening portion at the forward end of the shot-case.

So far as we are aware no shot-cartridge has heretofore been producedwhich was able to fully meet the requirements as developed in actualuse, the great trouble having been with the shot-cases. Various kinds ofmaterial have been experimented with for the pmpose of overcoming theseveral objections. Some kinds of material have not been able towithstand changes in temperature. Some have failed to break properly, sothat the charge of shothas been deflected, thereby destroying aecuracyinshootin Others have caused serious trouble by fouling the gun-barrel,and others still have failed entirely when used in magazine-arms throughlack of rigidity and strength sutlicient to stand the strong pressureand rough usage to which they were nec- 6o essarily subjected in themagazines. These objections we wholly overcome by the use of a shot-casemade from a solid piece of wood the interior of which is bored out,forming a chamber to receive the shot, the wall at the forward end ofsaid chamber being left thicker than at the sides, so as to givesuiticient strength at just the portion of the shotcase upon which thegreatest pressure comes in handling-as, for example, in transportationor when used in magazines. The longi tudinal grooves or cuts 7 are madein any suitable manner as, for instance, by passing the cases one afterthe other through dies having sharp internal proj eetions. It is found 75 in practice, especially with the larger-sized eartridges, that thisgrooving of the shot-cases assist-s greatly in producing a perfectfracture after the shot-case has left the gun-barrel. Any number ofthese grooves may of course be formed. Four or live will ordinarily befound quite sufficient.

In loading a cartridge the shot are placed. in the case, the base ofwhich may or may not be closed by a wad. The charge of powder is placedin the shell in the usual manner, a wad being used upon the powder, ifpreferred. (Not shown, however, in the drawings.) The base of theshot-case is then inserted and pressed home or seated in the shell, andthe edge of the shell, is crimped tightly upon the wood of the shot-caseand forced into it sufficiently to hold the shot-ease firmly in theshell, as is clearly indicated in Fig. 2. After completing thecartridges they are preferably lubricated in the usual manner. As the1ubricant is ordinarily applied hot, a sufficient quantity is readilytaken up by the wood of the shot-case to make it absolutely waterproof'We have found in practice that cartridges having shot-cases made in thismanner are perfectly reliable under all eircumstai'lces. They are notaffected in the slightest by changes of temperature or dampness, andwill stand the rough usage of ordinary handling or in magazii'l eswithout any injury whatever. They are in fact perfectly adapted for allclasses of arms.

Having thus described our invention, We claiin .1. A shot-cartridgeconsisting of a m etallie shell and a wooden shot-case bored out to forma chamber for the shot, the Walls of said chamber being thickest at theforward end,

the edge of the shell being crimped upon and pressed into the wood ofthe sl1ot-case,whereby the latter is held firmly in place.

2. A shot-cartridge consisting of a metallic in presence of twoWitnesses.

MARCELLUS HARTLEY. ALFRED .T. HOBBS.

\Vitnesses as to Macellus Hartley:

0. M. DALLY, '1. H. HARRIS. Witnesses as to Alfred J. Hobbs:

SAML. T. HOUGHTON, II. C. RYLANDS.

